The wine trade between the United States and France is a vital component of their economic and cultural exchange. France is one of the largest wine suppliers to the U.S., consistently ranking as a top exporter in this category. French wine imports are highly valued in the U.S. for their quality, heritage, and variety, ranging from premium Bordeaux and Burgundy wines to popular Champagnes.
Other significant imports from France include aerospace products, pharmaceuticals, and food items such as cheese and baked goods, demonstrating the diversity of French exports. On the export side, the U.S. provides France with aircraft, machinery, and technology, cementing a balanced trade relationship.
The trade relationship between the United States and Italy is robust, with total goods trade consistently exceeding $100 billion annually. Italy is renowned for its high-quality exports, and luxury goods play a central role in this economic partnership. Italian luxury items—including fashion, leather goods, jewelry, and high-end automobiles—are highly sought after in the U.S. market.
Beyond luxury goods, other major imports from Italy include machinery, pharmaceuticals, and food products like wine, olive oil, and cheese, illustrating the diversity of Italian exports. On the export side, the U.S. provides Italy with products such as machinery, aircraft, and chemicals.
The trade relationship between the United States and Switzerland is strong and characterized by high-value goods and services. Total trade between the two nations exceeds tens of billions of dollars annually, emphasizing their economic interdependence. Switzerland is a top supplier of high-quality goods to the U.S., with pharmaceuticals being the largest and most significant category of imports. Swiss pharmaceutical companies provide essential medications and active pharmaceutical ingredients, playing a critical role in the U.S. healthcare system.
Other major imports include precision instruments, watches, and jewelry, as well as machinery and chemicals. Switzerland is also a leader in specialized manufacturing, contributing high-end products that meet U.S. demand for cutting-edge technology and luxury items. On the export side, the U.S. provides Switzerland with machinery, aircraft, vehicles, and agricultural products.
Medical device exports from Ireland to the United States are highly significant and represent a key aspect of the trade relationship between the two countries. Ireland is one of the largest suppliers of medical devices to the U.S., with exports consistently valued in the billions of dollars annually. These devices include advanced diagnostic equipment, surgical tools, and life-saving technologies such as pacemakers and ventilators.
Irish manufacturers play a critical role in supporting the U.S. healthcare and medical technology sectors by providing cutting-edge, high-quality products. Over 80% of the medical devices produced in Ireland are exported, with the U.S. being their largest market. This robust trade helps meet the rising demand for innovative healthcare solutions in the U.S., contributing to patient care advancements and supporting the operations of hospitals and medical facilities across the country.
The Netherlands is one of the U.S.'s top trading partners, with total goods trade between the two nations exceeding $100 billion in recent years. The Netherlands also serves as a major gateway for U.S. goods into the European Union, given its strategic location and advanced logistics infrastructure.
The most significant imports from the Netherlands to the U.S. include machinery, chemicals, and petroleum products. Pharmaceuticals are particularly prominent, with Dutch companies supplying high-quality medications and active pharmaceutical ingredients vital to the U.S. healthcare system. Other notable categories include advanced medical equipment, food products like cheese, and high-end horticultural goods such as flowers and bulbs.
Footwear imports from Vietnam hold a vital place in the U.S. retail market. Vietnam is one of the largest footwear suppliers to the United States, accounting for a significant share of total imports in this category. In recent years, footwear imports from Vietnam were valued at over $17 billion annually, making it a critical source for U.S. retailers.
Furniture, particularly wooden items, also plays a key role, supplying American households and the construction sector with stylish and cost-effective products. These imports benefit U.S. businesses by maintaining competitive pricing and broad product offerings for consumers.
Pharmaceutical imports from India are crucial to the U.S. healthcare system, particularly in the supply of affordable generic medications. India is the largest provider of generic drugs to the United States, accounting for nearly 40% of all generic medicines consumed.
India exported approximately $8 billion worth of pharmaceuticals to the U.S. in 2022, making it a vital trade partner in this sector. Key categories include antibiotics, oncology treatments, and complex generics like injectables and biosimilars. The consistent supply of these medications supports hospitals, pharmacies, and patient care nationwide, ensuring access to high-quality treatments at lower prices.
Taiwan is a critical semiconductor supplier to the United States. Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) produces a major share of the world’s advanced chips, which accounted for a large portion of the approximately $60 billion in goods the U.S. imported from Taiwan in 2022. These semiconductors are essential to U.S. industries, powering everything from smartphones and computers to automobiles and defense systems.
Taiwan recently ranked as the U.S.’s 8th largest trading partner, with total goods trade valued at over $105 billion. On the export side, the U.S. shipped about $45 billion worth of goods to Taiwan in 2022. These included agricultural products, such as grains and meat, as well as chemical goods, aircraft, and medical devices.
Trade between the United States and the United Kingdom remains important, with the UK consistently ranking among America’s top trading partners. In recent years, imports from the UK totaled around $60 billion annually. Machinery topped the list, contributing over $11 billion to this figure, while imports of vehicles, valued at nearly $9 billion, highlighted the UK’s role in the automotive sector. Pharmaceuticals also played a significant part, exceeding $8 billion, supporting the U.S. healthcare system with innovative treatments and essential medicines.
Additionally, the U.S. imported over $1 billion worth of beverages, including Scotch whisky, a classic of UK exports. Chemical goods and other industrial inputs from the UK further reinforce U.S. manufacturing and production capabilities.
The United States and South Korea maintain a large trade relationship, with South Korea ranking consistently in the top ten biggest trading partners for the US. Key imports from South Korea include semiconductors, which are critical to industries like computing, telecommunications, and automotive manufacturing.
These components accounted for a significant portion of the $95.4 billion in goods the U.S. imported from South Korea in 2022. Automobiles are another major import, with South Korean vehicle brands capturing a substantial share of the U.S. market. For instance, over 1.2 million South Korean cars were imported, valued at over $20 billion. Manufacturing and industrial machinery, worth billions in annual trade, also play a critical role in supporting U.S. infrastructure and production needs.
The trade relationship between the United States and Germany holds substantial economic and strategic value. Germany ranks among the top suppliers of high-quality goods to the U.S., with automobiles leading the way. Renowned German car brands are highly sought after and celebrated for their engineering excellence and innovation.
Additionally, machinery imports from Germany play a crucial role in supporting U.S. industries, particularly manufacturing and construction. These precision-engineered tools and equipment bolster American productivity and innovation. Pharmaceuticals are another major import, with Germany providing cutting-edge medical products that contribute to advancements in healthcare and life sciences within the U.S.
Japan is a key trading partner with the US, consistently ranking among the top five sources of imported goods to the U.S. A substantial portion of these imports includes automobiles, which dominate Japanese exports to the American market. Renowned car brands, known for their quality and efficiency, contribute significantly to this sector.
Additionally, Japan supplies the U.S. with cutting-edge electronics, from semiconductors to high-end consumer devices, essential to various industries and daily life. Machinery imports also form a vital component, supporting U.S. manufacturing and technological advancement.
The U.S.-China trade relationship remains one of the largest globally, though it is marked by a significant trade imbalance. In January 2025, the U.S. imported approximately $41.6 billion worth of goods from China, while exporting $9.9 billion, resulting in a trade deficit of $31.7 billion.
Key imports from China include electronics, machinery, textiles, and consumer goods, which dominate the trade flow. This relationship is governed by complex trade policies, including tariffs and trade agreements, reflecting ongoing economic and political dynamics. Despite challenges, China remains a critical supplier for U.S. industries and a significant market for American exports.
The United States and Mexico share a robust trade relationship, with Mexico being the U.S.'s second-largest trading partner. In 2022, the U.S. imported approximately $450 billion worth of goods from Mexico. Key imports include vehicles, electronics, appliances, crude oil, and natural gas, which collectively accounted for about 48% of the total import value.
This trade relationship is governed by the USMCA, which facilitates the free flow of goods and services. Mexico is also a critical export market for the U.S., with over 15% of U.S. exports destined for Mexico in 2022. The close economic ties between the two nations support millions of jobs and drive economic growth, making this partnership vital for both economies.
Canada and the United States share one of the world’s largest and most integrated trade relationships, valued at over $1 trillion annually. The U.S. is Canada’s largest trading partner, accounting for approximately 75% of Canada’s total exports and over 50% of its imports. In 2022, Canada imported $437 billion worth of goods from the U.S., with key imports including machinery ($70 billion), vehicles and automotive parts ($60 billion), mineral fuels like oil and gas ($50 billion), and electrical equipment ($30 billion).
This trade relationship is governed by the USMCA (formerly NAFTA), which facilitates the free flow of goods and services across the border. Beyond goods, the U.S. is also a major provider of services to Canada, including financial, professional, and IT services.
